:root {
    /* --titles-color: #00806c; global scope */
    --titles-color: #00caac; /* global scope */
    --line-width: 3px;
    --box-color: #007dca;
    --footer-color: #235d50;
    --secondary-bg-color: #787878;
    --padding: 20px;
    --fontWeight: 300;
    --alpha-color: rgba(0, 234, 199, 0.13);
    --alpha-color2: rgba(0, 204, 173, 0.369);

    /* Unified Typography - 3 sizes only */
    --font-size-large: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);      /* Headings */
    --font-size-medium: clamp(1.125rem, 2.5vw, 1.5rem); /* Subheadings */
    --font-size-body: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.125rem);   /* Body text */
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body{
    font-family: "Jost", sans-serif;
    background-color: var(--secondary-bg-color);
    font-optical-sizing: auto;
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    min-height: 100vh;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    overflow: auto;
    font-style: normal;
    color: #ffffff; /* Ensure default text color is white across the site */
}

section {
    display: flow-root;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

h1{
    font-family: "Jost", sans-serif;
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color:rgb(255, 255, 255);
    font-size: var(--font-size-large);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

h2{
    font-family: "Jost", serif;
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color: var(--titles-color);
    font-size: var(--font-size-medium);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0rem;
}

h3{
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color: white;
    font-size: var(--font-size-medium);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

p{
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

b, strong {
    font-weight: 700;
}


#navbar{
    position: fixed;
    padding-top:20px;
    padding-bottom:20px;
    width:100vw;
    height:4vh;
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);
    box-shadow: -10px 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    /* background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)); */
    z-index: 999;
    transition: top 0.3s ease;
}

nav ul{
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    list-style: none;
        transition: color 0.2s, opacity 0.2s;
        font-weight: 400;
        font-synthesis: weight;
        opacity: 0.85;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

nav li{
   height: 50px;
}

nav a{
    height:100%;
    color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
    display: flex;
    padding: 0 30px;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    transition: color 0.3s ease, text-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

nav a:hover,
nav a:focus {
    /* font-weight: 400; */
    text-shadow: 0 0 2px #fff, 0 0 2px #fff;
    outline: none;
}

nav a:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--titles-color);
    outline-offset: 4px;
}

nav li:first-child{
    margin-right: auto;
}

.menu-icon{
    display: none;
}

.lab-logo{
    height: 50px;
    margin-right:10px;
}

.sidebar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: -250px; /* hidden off-screen */
    height: 100vh;
    width: 250px;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);
    box-shadow: -10px 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    display: flex; /* keep flex for content */
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    z-index: 999;
    transition: right 0.4s ease;
}

/* When sidebar is open */
.sidebar.open {
    right: 0;
}

.sidebar li{
    width:100%;
}

.sidebar a{
    width:100%;
}


.home{
    background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25)), var(--home-bg, none);
    color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
    background-size: contain;
    background-position: left;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    background-blend-mode: normal;
    background-color: #000000;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.home-blur-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 50%;
    height: 95vh;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    z-index: 0;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 0%, black 30%, black 70%, transparent 100%);
}

#home{
    min-height:95vh; /* or 63vh if you want */
    box-sizing: border-box;
    padding-top: 33vh;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

#science {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.home-container{
    position: relative;
    margin-left: 50%;
    margin-bottom: 20%;
    padding: 2rem;
    padding-right: 10rem;
    height: 33%;
}

.home-content{
    padding-left: 2rem;
    border-left: #ffffff var(--line-width) solid;
}

.scroll-down-indicator{
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    bottom: 5vh;
}


.section-title{
    border-left: #ffffff var(--line-width) solid;
    margin-left: 10%;
    padding-left: 2rem;
}

/* Section headers - separate sections for bg-titles */
.section-header {
    padding: 0;
}

.science-header {
    background: url(images/Single_grey_worm.jpeg);
    background-size: contain;
    background-position: left;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.science-content {
    background: url(images/Single_grey_worm.jpeg);
    background-size: contain;
    background-position: left;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.publications-header {
    /* Match the publications section background and positioning */
    background: url(images/Color_background.jpeg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: 50% 10%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.publications-content {
    background: url(images/Color_background.jpeg);
    color: white;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: 50% 10%;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.outreach-header {
    /* Match the outreach section background and positioning */
    background: url(images/Triangular.jpg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.outreach-section {
    background: url(images/Triangular.jpg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.research-focus{
    color: #ffffff;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    padding: 4rem;
    gap:4rem;
    align-items: center;
    /* background-color: var(--alpha-color); */
    /* backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);   */
    /* margin-top: 2%; */
}
 
.research-focus div{
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height:30vw;
}

.research-image{
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.focus-title{
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 0;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    text-align: center;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.196);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    width: 100%;
    padding: 3rem;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}


.publications-grid {
    padding: 2rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    list-style: none;
    width: 90%;
    max-width: 1600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.publication-card {
    background: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(50px);
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    display: grid;
    place-content: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover,
.publication-card:focus {
    background: var(--alpha-color2);
}

.publication-card:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--titles-color);
    outline-offset: 4px;
}

.publication-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-medium);
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color: #ffffff;
    line-height: 1.3;
    display: block;
}

.publication-authors {
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--titles-color);
    display: block;
}

.publication-journal {
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--titles-color);
    display: block;
}

.publications-grid a {
    background: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(50px);
    display: block;
    transition: background 0.8s ease;
} 

.publications-grid a:hover {
     background: var(--alpha-color2);
}

.simple-publications-links {
    color: white;
    display: flex;   
    justify-content: left;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin: 1rem;
}

.simple-publications-label {
    color: white;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.simple-publications-label:hover {
    font-weight: 400;
}

.more-publications{
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    padding-bottom: 2rem;
    margin: auto;
    
}

.more-publications a{
    color: white;
    padding-left: 5px;
    font-size: var(--font-size-medium);
    text-decoration: none;
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    
    background: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    transition: background 0.3s ease;
}

.more-publications a:hover{
    font-weight: 400;
     background: var(--alpha-color2);
}

.outreach-list{
    padding: 1rem;
}

.outreach-grid{
    display: grid;
    margin:1rem;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.outreach-grid li{
    position: relative;
    display:flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    height: 18vw;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);
}

/* .outreach-grid a {
    display:flex;
    height: 10px;
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
    
} */

.outreach-item {
    position: relative;
    text-align: left;
    height: 18vw;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.outreach-item a {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.outreach-card-content {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    text-align: center;
    transform: translateY(100%);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.outreach-item:hover .outreach-card-content {
    transform: translateY(0);
}


.outreach-title{ 
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.outreach-image {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.bg-titles{
    padding-top: 4rem;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
    padding-right: 2rem;
    background-color: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);   
}

.bg-titles-contact{
    padding-top:1rem;
    padding-bottom:1rem;
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);

}

.contact-section {
    background: url('images/Triangular.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    padding:1rem;
}

.simple-contact-links {
    display: flex;
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);
    padding:2rem;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

/* Individual contact item */
.simple-contact-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: text-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.simple-contact-item:hover,
.simple-contact-item:focus {
    text-shadow: 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 1px #fff;
    outline: none;
}

.simple-contact-item:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--titles-color);
    outline-offset: 4px;
}

/* Contact icon styling */
.simple-contact-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

/* Contact label text */
.simple-contact-label {
    color: white;
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    text-align: center;
}


.footer{
    background-color: var(--footer-color);
    color: #ffffff;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1rem 0;
}


/* Tablets */
@media (max-width: 1028px) {

   .hideonmobile{
    display: none;
}

.menu-icon{
    display:flex;
}

/* .publication-authors {
    display: none;
} */

.publications-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(200px, 1fr));   
}

.research-focus{
    color: #ffffff;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(1, minmax(10px, 1fr));
    grid-template-rows: repeat(1, minmax(10px, 1fr));
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 4rem;
    gap:1rem;
}

.research-focus div{
    position: relative;
    justify-content: center;
    width: auto;
    height:30vh;
}


}

/* Mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

}

/* Small mobile */
@media (max-width: 800px) {

.home-blur-overlay {
    width: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.bg-titles{
    background-color: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(15px) brightness(0.6);  
    padding-top: 2rem; 
    padding-bottom: 2rem;
}
.home{
    background-size: cover;
}



.home-container{
    position: relative;
    margin-left: 50%;
    margin-bottom: 20%;
    padding: 2rem;
    padding-right: 2rem;
}

#home {
    padding-top: 20vh;
}

.home-container {
    margin-left: 5%;
    margin-right: 5%;
    padding-right: 1rem;
}

.home-content {
    padding-left: 1rem;
    padding-right: 1rem;
}

h1{
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color:rgb(255, 255, 255);
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin: 0;
}

h3{
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    color: white;
    text-align: left;
    line-height: 1.5;
    padding: 10px;
    margin: 0;
}


p{
    font-weight: var(--fontWeight);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}


.lab-name{
    font-size: 2rem;
}

.hideonmobile{
    display: none;
}

.menu-icon{
    display:flex;
}

.section-title{
    width: 80vw;
    border-left: #ffffff var(--line-width) solid;
    margin-left: 2rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
}

.research-focus{
    color: #ffffff;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(1, minmax(10px, 1fr));
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    gap:1rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.research-focus div{
    position: relative;
    justify-content: center;
    width: auto;
    height:calc(60vh/3);
}

.focus-title{
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 0;
    padding: 1%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}


.research-image{
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit:cover;
}

.simple-publications-links{
    color: white;
    display: flex;   
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.simple-publications-label {
    color: white;
    padding:0.3rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.publications-grid {
    padding: 1rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(1, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    list-style: none;
}

.publication-card {
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 1.2rem;
}

.publication-journal {
    color: var(--titles-color);
    font-style: italic;
}

.more-publications{
    /* background: radial-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,1),rgba(0,0,0,0.3), rgba(0,0,0,0),rgba(0,0,0,0));
    background-color: var(--alpha-color);
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px); */
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    width: 50%;
    height: 5%;
    margin: auto;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
}


.more-publications a{
    color: white;
    padding-left: 5px;
    font-size: var(--font-size-body);
    text-decoration: none;
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
}

.more-publications a:hover{
    font-weight: bold;
}

.outreach-grid{
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 0.2rem;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;

}

.outreach-grid li{
    position: relative;
    height:calc((100vw - 2rem)/2);
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(25px);
}




.science-header {
    background: url(images/Single_grey_worm.jpeg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: left;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.science-content {
    background: url(images/Single_grey_worm.jpeg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: left;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.publications-header {
    /* Match the publications section background and positioning */
    background: url(images/Color_background.jpeg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: 50% 10%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.publications-content {
    background: url(images/Color_background.jpeg);
    color: white;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: 50% 10%;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.outreach-header {
    /* Match the outreach section background and positioning */
    background: url(images/Triangular.jpg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.outreach-section {
    background: url(images/Triangular.jpg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.contact-title{
    font-size: 2rem;
}
}

/* width */
::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 0.5rem;
}

/* Track */
::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 5px rgb(45, 45, 45); 
  border-radius: 10px;
}
 
/* Handle */
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: var(--footer-color); 
  border-radius: 10px;
}

/* Handle on hover */
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: #00bcb9;
}

/* ===== SCROLL FADE-IN ANIMATIONS ===== */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

.animate-on-scroll {
    opacity: 0;
}

.animate-on-scroll.visible {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease forwards;
}

.publication-card.animate-on-scroll.visible {
    animation: fadeIn 0.6s ease forwards;
}

.outreach-item.animate-on-scroll.visible {
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease forwards;
}

/* Stagger animations for grid items */
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0s; }
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }
.publications-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(6) { animation-delay: 0.5s; }

.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.15s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.25s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(6) { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(7) { animation-delay: 0.35s; }
.outreach-grid .animate-on-scroll.visible:nth-child(8) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }

/* Short author fallback for narrow screens
   - .publication-authors: full author list (default)
   - .publication-authors-short: "First Author et al." (shown at small widths)
*/
.publication-authors-short {
    display: none;
    color: var(--titles-color);
    /* font-weight: 700; */
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-style: normal;
}

@media (max-width: 800px) {
    .publication-authors { display: none; }
    .publication-authors-short { display: inline-block; }
}